 Sol enjoying wax play
Sol enjoying wax play
Ah  .... temperature play ... so much fun, in both it's hot and cold  manifestations!
"Temperature play", 
says Wiki:
"is a form of BDSM sensual  play where  objects and substances are used to stimulate the body's neuroreceptors  for heat  and cold for sensual effect..."
"See also:
-   Ice play 
-  Fire play 
-  Wax  play" 
That kind of sums up the subject,  albeit it briefly. But it does give you a bit of an idea. You can also  enlarge the topic to cover some kinds of food play and also chemical  play (heating / cooling preparations etc) . You might like to read more  about that side of things 
here.
In  this BDSM For Beginners series post we are going to look at all three  categories listed by Wiki, with most of the post exploring wax play.  Interestingly wax play is often one of the first techniques tried by  kinksters, which makes it a good post for the BDSM For Beginners series.   Quite a few readers write and ask about it, so now it's time to answer  your questions:
- What exactly is temperature play?
- Making  an ice what??? (ice play)
 
- What's fire play?
 
- What's  involved with wax play?
 
- Why do people do it?
 
- I'm  confused about candles and waxes.
 
- Can you explain about  burn temperatures and melt points?
- What about colors and  perfumes in candles?
 
- Why is testing important?
 
- Scene  preparation
- Preparing your sub
- Where can I put the wax?
- How  do I apply the wax?
 
- Techniques - dripping
 
- Techniques  - pouring
- Techniques - painting
- More advanced  techniques - using wax warmers /crock pots
 
- More advanced  techniques - using crock pots and wax crayons
 
- More advanced  techniques - mixing temperature play with other BDSM techniques
 
- Clean  up / How do you remove wax from hair and skin?
 
- Sample  scene: Ms160 and sol give wax play a go / playing with a male sub
- Sample  scene: Wax play with a female submissive
 
- References  and  Online Resources
 
Some  quick housekeeping re my   BDSM For Beginners series:
 - These  posts are usually very   long (they are often based on my notes for two  hour seminars). They   require a pee break in the middle, unless you are a  severe masochist,   and at least one coffee break. You think I'm joking,  don't you ... ha!    Okay, cross your legs then ...
 
- Read them through  entirely if you like - for example, if this is a topic you really enjoy -  but otherwise bookmark the post and come back when you need specific  info, then check against that list of questions about temperature play  and wax play above. If your query is something I've not covered, drop me  a line via my profile at Fetlife.
- BDSM  For Beginners'  posts are not so much about my own  experience as  collating the  experiences of other kinksters and  checking out some good  links for  you, to further explore subjects that  interest you. If you've   experienced temperature play and would like  your experiences and any advice   you'd like to share added to this  post, again drop me a line and I'll add it in.
 
  Ready?
WHAT  EXACTLY IS
TEMPERATURE PLAY?
Let's revisit that quote  above 
from Wiki:
"is a type of sensation play  based around  temperatures  which are either significantly hotter than the ambient, or  significantly  colder than the ambient..."
Hang in ...  let's backtrack a sec. Did you follow that term "sensation play"? Peter  Masters has a 
very  good page on this, which begins:
"Sensation play is a form of BDSM play  where the focus is on  the manipulation of the sensory experience of the  bottom or submissive  by the top  or dominant. We can divide sensation play into two types:
-    Activities which add or modify sensations
 
-  Activities  which diminish or remove sensations (sometimes  known as sensory  deprivation) 
For convenience we will explore these in order  of smell, taste,  hearing, touch, and sight. It's useful to note that  four out of the five senses are focused  around the head (smell, taste,  hearing and sight). This means that a lot  of effective sensation play  can be done without going below the neck. 
Symbolically sensation  play can be very powerful because it  compels the submissive or bottom  to surrender to exactly and only the experiences  which their partner  either allows or denies them. Sensation play is  often combined with  some form of bondage or restraint to prevent the submissive from  doing  anything (such as removing a blindfold) which might allow them to  control their  experience themselves...  
Does the term  make more sense now? Do read the rest of  
Peter  Masters' page if you'd like to learn more.
Temperature play  involves manipulation / stimulation of the senses via applications of  heat and cold. Dr Beth 
explains  why is this an effective form of play:
    
"Hot  and cold objects can provoke some of  the same kinds of feelings  as     painful stimuli. This is because the  nervous system processes  extremes     of temperature in the same way as  certain types of pain. Sensations     such as touch and vibration are  perceived by way of large, myelinated     (insulated) nerve fibers that  have structured nerve endings in the     skin. Pain, cold, and heat are  perceived via uncovered loose nerve     fibers in the skin, and are all  transmitted along the same type of     small, unmyelinated nerves that  go to the brain through the same part     of the spinal cord -- the  spinothalamic pathway. While these three     types of sensation -- pain,  cold, and heat -- all have separate nerve     endings, the nerve  impulses end up in the same area of the brain, the     thalamus.  Extremes of any of the three can elicit similar responses     from a  bottom"
As Dr Beth
 points  out, there are many ways to make the body feel hot, however: 
"the easiest way to use heat in SM play is dripping hot wax ...  Fire play with burning alcohol is also an advanced technique, and  should be avoided until you have learned the skill from someone more  experienced.". 
Let's take a moment to check out fire  play and ice play before moving on to wax play in depth.
 MAKING AN ICE WHAT???
(ICE PLAY)
Peter  Masters 
writes:
"Ice play can be considered a form of  temperature play or sensation play. Frequently used in combination with  fire or heat to create contrasting sensations, it can also be used for  torture" 
You can have a lot of fun with this - I think the  first kinky thing I ever did to sol involved an ice block 
*grin* - but do take into  consideration 
safety  issues. There is also a good article to be found on the dangers of  ice play 
here,  which begins:
"Ice can be an interesting sensation toy.           Combined with hot wax, it can be incredible.  But it can also be   a         dangerous toy.  And Dry ice, and other super cooled liquids  have  no         place in D/s play at all.  Water ice is a reasonably  safe toy,  if a         few precautions are observed."
One way people like to explore ice  play, 
says  Masters is with ice dildos:
"Some BDSM practitioners will freeze water inside a condom   (often with the aid of a cardboard tube to retain the shape) and insert   it in either of the lower orifices of a submissive or bottom.  The use  of a condom during insertion is strongly advised because if the   temperature of the ice is below freezing, sensitive membranes may stick   to it and tear"
Franklin Veaux has an excellent post  about
 how to make one  of these.  As he 
points  out in his introduction:
"One  fun aspect of sensation play that can spice up your sex life is   temperature play. Many people have experimented with using ice cubes on   their lovers in bed, and I've met many women who really, really enjoy   the sensation of cold. But there's more you can do than just take an ice   cube out of the freezer and stroke a bare nipple with it! Presented  here  is something to take that basic idea to the next level:  instructions  for making a customized dildo out of ice..."
Lots  of great photos on that page, too :) ... oh and for those who really  like visuals, another man has put up a 
YouTube video on  how to make one. 
g-girl  highly recommends them:
"In  my opinion, the DIY Ice Dildo is a great idea. It’s perfect if you  are  too embarrassed to go into a sex shop, are running low of funds, are   stuck at home suffering from boredom, just want a unique way to cool   down on a hot day, or live in a country where sex toys are illegal (they   can’t arrest you for this type of ice; “it just happened to freeze in   that shape Officer!”) Bring on the Ice Age!"
She also  provides "how to" details. With this 
wonderfully  practical tip:
"Please  note: If you live with other people (especially parents or the  elderly)  warn them that you are getting your ‘creative’ juices running  and are  turning the freezer into a sex shop BEFORE they open the door.   (Especially if it is a hot day and they are wanting a icy pole.)"
For  those of you wanting 
"ice play [to]  be so much more than sticking an ice  cube on your slave's goodies" read  this 
article  by Mistress Naia which begins:
"let's freeze your slave's anus until  it hurts so much he  screams in agony. Let's hold ice on his nipples  until those hard  nuggets could cut glass, and stand out farther than  you've ever seen  them before. Cock torture? Clit torture? Tingly, icy,  painful arousal?
"Playing  with ice is  one of those slightly risqué activities that even vanillas  sometimes  delve into. Because of this, you may think it beneath your  own  perv-stature to include ice play in your repertoire. It may seem  too  easy of a punishment, too simple of a pleasure. But ice play is an   activity that we BDSM Gods and Goddesses have perfected over the years.   Like many simple sex acts, ice play can be turned into a veritable  kink  art form, if you know how to... play it cool."
You  should also find some good play ideas in Fet's 
ice play group.
WHAT ABOUT FIRE PLAY?:
As Dr Beth
 told us,  fireplay is a very advanced technique and one of the most  dangerous  types of BDSM play. It should not be attempted without an  expert  showing you how to do it. Simply reading about it is not enough. The  info provided in this post is just to whet your appetite.  Here's
 Peter  Masters again:
"Fire  play may refer to any of the following: 
  "In addition, fire  (or flame) can be used to disinfect needles and  blades used in piercing or cutting, respectively. Finally, the flame of a propane torch is commonly used to provide the   heat for hot branding" 
If you are interested in  any of those topics, follow the links. Wiki's 
fire play  page enlarges on this:
"Fire  play is usually considered a form of edge play - frequently exciting,  but with  significant dangers. Unlike other forms of edge play (extreme  rough body  play, blood play, interrogations, abductions, etc), fire  play scenes  tend to look kinder and gentler; although it can be  dramatic, the  sensations inflicted in most fire play scenes aren't  actually painful  (much like hot wax play or sensation play). Fire play  also rarely leaves  marks on the skin - though some people deliberately  burn the skin  slightly to leave it red and irritated. For this reason,  some people  consider fire play's edge play classification something of a   technicality; it's classified as edge play simply because  out-of-control  flame could result in terrible consequences"
Wiki  
outlines  several fire play techniques, including bouncing (
"lit fire wands (sometimes called batons;  essentially a small torch) are  bounced along the skin. This may or may  not involve transfer of burning  fuel") and streaking (
"fuel is applied directly to the skin  (commonly in straight lines, though  sometimes in more elaborate  patterns), lit, and then extinguished  before the skin begins to burn")  and 
fire  cupping:
"Fire cupping  is a current fad in the fire play community.  The air inside a cup  (almost always glass) is heated then placed on the  skin - the cooling  air creates a vacuum and  the skin is partially pulled into the cup.  Experienced cuppers can  create varying strengths of suction by  controlling the heat of the cup"
You can read where sol  and I tried fire play / cupping 
here.  SehAnru outlines a few more techniques in 
Up in Flames:  The Basics  of Fireplay:
"Fire  flogging: This is the most common which includes  a  flogger made  out of Kevlar rope/wicks and some have knots at the end  of them not  only for the stingy factor but also prevents the ropes from  coming  unraveled...
"Fire  Fleshing: This  is where designs are made upon your body with  the fuel and then set on  fire then quickly blown out, wiped out, or  smothered with a fire  blanket.  The tools used for this vary.."
If these  techniques press your buttons in good ways there are quite a few good  sources online for info on where to find workshops where you can learn  these skills, plus further reading matter. Check out the References and  Online Resources list at the bottom of this post.
All of this a  bit overwhelming? Want something simpler? Let's move on to ....
WHAT'S  INVOLVED WITH WAX PLAY?
ISN'T IT DANGEROUS?

"Wax  play", 
says  Wiki:
"is a  form of sensual play involving warm  or hot wax  usually dripped from  candles or ladled onto a person's  naked skin. Wax  play may be combined  with other BDSM or sexual  activity"
Indeed  it can 
*evil  grin*. And I agree with 
Dennis Nagee,  who writes:
"Wax play is  something that many talk about, and few seem to do,  this is always a  mystery to me as to why, as when it is done correctly  it is a wonderful  addition to foreplay and indeed it has many deeper  meanings as well, I  mean who in their right mind will lay still and let  another person  drip hot wax all over them if they do not 100% trust  them, it can be  seen as another step into total submission..."
As I  wrote before it's interesting that wax play is a technique that's quite  common for new kinksters to try. Norische notes in 
Candlelight  Moments: Basics of Wax Play:
"For many wax play  is one of the first experiences within the  BDSM realm,  this is also the  reason that so many people end up getting  accidentally  hurt. All too  often someone is watching a pornographic  movie and sees  someone drip  wax on his or her partner and suddenly  they are rummaging  through their  kitchen cabinets looking for a candle  that they can  experiment with.  “It looked so easy in the movie…” or  “The women in the  movie seemed to  really like it so...” are phrases  the emergency room  staff have  undoubtedly heard time and time again.
"Although  most   individuals probably make up some story about accidentally  dropping a   candle on their naked genitals or knocking a candle over  and splashing   wax all over their bare back as they turned; having  worked in an ER I   myself heard a few excuses such as these, although  you honestly are   suspicious about the method of the injury the means  is always quite   clear. Wax play done improperly can lead to first and  second-degree   burns, pain and permanent scarring."
She's  absolutely right ... it is dangerous. Which is why you have to take wax  play seriously and do some homework on it before you play.  Because as  Matt  Nicholson warns in 
Waxon, Waxoff and  Other Japanese         Sayings:
"Playing with hot wax can be tons of             fun, but you  need to remember that hot wax is nothing more  than  molten             chemicals, and molten anything can play havoc with the  mood if  you             don't do it right"
GREAT, THAT QUOTE PUT  ME
RIGHT OFF ... SO WHY DO PEOPLE
DO IT?
LOL that  last quote got your attention though, didn't it?!  People do wax play  because it feels amazing ... intense ... erotic.  As Shakti confirms in
  Safe Wax Play:
"It is a  very distinctive and unique sensation ... I find the pain from wax to be  a unique feeling. Very intense, but  concentrated in a very small area.  It happens to be one of my favorite kinds of  pain play"
It's  a lot of fun for both people. I disagree with Dennis Nagee when he 
writes "The benefits of wax play are mainly for  the sub/slave admittedly" but I agree with him when he 
continues:
 "but at the same time it is something that  is just one more added  attraction to the BDSM lifestyle, the  infliction of controlled pain"
That infliction of  control pain becomes extremely erotic when you are doing something evil  with melted wax. Shevah 
writes  in Wax Play:"Do not     be in a rush to perform wax play … what you put on must be taken off.     The sensitivity that wax produces on the skin is unlike anything else   and can    send your bottom flying. Once the wax is removed, the skin is  ultra  stimulated    and the slightest touch will have him/her  squirming..."
But you need to keep in mind that some people  consider wax play edgeplay. Here's Shevah again:
"Wax Play can be one of the most tantalizing  types of play on the skin  that    can produce marvelous, stimulating  pleasures. But it can also be the  cause for    an extreme burn if  applied improperly. Because of the dangers that are  inherent    to  burning temperatures, some may categorize wax play as “edge play”.    By  learning basic knowledge and techniques will enable you to safely  play  with    wax. Remember, safety must always be the primary focus when  dealing  with unpredictable    mediums, such as hot wax"
 So  let's learn some more about this "unpredictable medium".
I'M  CONFUSED ABOUT ALL THE
DIFFERENT WAX + CANDLE TYPES
So  many people are confused about this, don't worry you are not alone. And  with respect even the best articles on how to do wax play seem at first  glance to offer very different advice. Some will tell you only to use  only one type of wax / candle, others might 
argue "you can use any candle for wax play as  long as you compensate and use  the proper precautions" ... and  they are correct but you need to actually remember those "proper  precautions".
Because you are just starting out here, let's try  and simplify things for you... here Peter Masters 
discusses  how to make your candle choice:
"Candles are made from paraffin, stearin,  beeswax, soy, gel, or   tallow. This is what allows them to burn.  Candles commonly have   additives which are used to give them different  colors, or different   scents. Some candles will have designs painted on  them. 
"All of  this means that while you might be able to say,  for  example, that a  pure paraffin candle produces wax at such-and-such  a  temperature, it's  very hard to find a pure paraffin candle. Instead  you  will find candles  labeled as paraffin with various amounts of  other  chemicals, dyes,  and perfumes, which each contribute to change  the wax  temperature. 
"Thus,  if you get used to using a certain  type of candle with your  partner,  never assume that a similar looking  candle, or even one out of  the same  box is going to produce the same  temperature wax" 
So what this means is you have to:
-   avoid certain types of candles
- test everything
 
We'll  talk about both of these things in more detail. First, let's look at  types of candle to avoid (this list is in part drawn from 
here):
- Beeswax  is the hottest. When you are just starting out avoid  beeswax candles.  Beeswax burns at a much  higher temperature than plain  paraffin candles  and can cause burns.  The  melting point is much higher  than human  skin can comfortably deal with.  Some experienced players do  use this  type of candle (sol loves them) but they can cause  second or third  degree burns.
- Avoid  beef tallow candles - wax made  from  animal fat can be extremely hot and  cause burning.
- Avoid  candles with  metallic colors - metal flakes and paint hold very high  temperatures and are not  recommended    for use with wax play unless  precautions are taken and you have  experience.
- Avoid   candles  with metal wicks - you can end up dripping hot molten metal on  the submissive
- Avoid gel  candles - they are made of a mixture of paraffin and plastic
- Perfumes,   hardeners, colorants and other additives can, and  have, caused  serious allergic  reactions. You can use some candles with these but you  need to put in the extra homework as to which. We'll talk more about  these in a sec.
- Avoid birthday cake candles - their  size and the amount of decoration on them and colorants used makes them  burn extremely hot
 
So what DO you want to use?
 Peter  Masters:
"The safest sort  of candle to use for wax play is one which is the same  color all the  way through and which is completely undecorated."
Dr  Beth agrees  :"Paraffin     candles burn  somewhat cooler than beeswax candles, and so are safer  to     use.  Unscented, undyed candles are also best since there are no     additives  to alter the melting characteristics"
I'd  go with plain 100%  paraffin candles,  these burn at a safer   temperature for hot wax play. Often the best place to find these  is on your emergency shelf at home.  Many wax play enthusiasts will  agree these cheap, white paraffin candles are exactly what you need.  Do  beware some cheap products, however - avoid the 
Fetish Fantasy Series Sensual Hot Wax Candles.     Mystress Evyl did a 
review:

"This kit includes 4 white,  unscented    hot wax candles and a cheap  blindfold which is fine if you really do    not have one already. Now wax  play can be a lot of fun but it really is    not a beginner activity.  Different waxes give off different heat    temperatures so you need to be  educated a bit. Here is a little basic    info:
 Pure  paraffin wax melts at around 130 to 135 degrees   Fahrenheit.  Adding  stearine makes the wax harder and melt at a  higher   temperature.   Adding mineral  oil makes the wax softer and melt at a   lower   temperature. Soft candles in glass jars usually have mineral oil   in   their blend  and burn cooler at around 120 degrees Fahrenheit,   Pillar   candles are  mostly paraffin and burn warmer at around 140   degrees   Fahrenheit. Taper candles have lots of stearine and burn hotter   still  at  around  160 degrees Fahrenheit.
 These are taper   candles and  they are hot. I tested them on myself in  comparison to the   soft  candles I normally use. What a difference, this  kit is not for    beginners at all as they were considerably hotter when  hitting the    skin. Even by dropping the wax at a higher level it barely  helped the    cooling down. Also I found this wax to solidify on the body  in a very    thin layer which could not be lifted of but I had to scratch  it off.
    "I do not recommend getting this kit. Go to the dollar store and  get    the cheapest paraffin candles they have and you’ll be set. Or get   those   religious candles too. If you are going to get these I hope  you  are  not a  new wax player and make sure to cut the wick down to  1/4 in  as  they are  too long as well"
 
Avoid!!
What  other candles do people suggest for new players?  Shakti 
says:
"My favorites for someone just starting out  are the novena  candles  available in the Hispanic section of most  grocery stores (at  least those in larger areas). They come in tall  glass containers, and  you can buy them without the religious pictures.  The wax is very cool  compared to most others, so a good choice for a  first time. Another  possibility are the emergency  candles sold for  times your electricity  goes out. They too are usually very low  temperature"
Phew ... she agrees with me! Okay, what about  all the people making candles for the scene? Their products must be  safe?  Here's 
Peter   Masters again:
"Some   BDSM suppliers will have candles which are designed for  wax play. They   will be mixed to have a low wax temperature and may be  shaped so that   they tend not to drip wax on your hand when you're  using them  (Wax running down the candle onto your hand can lead to unpleasant    surprises, minor burns, or dropping the candle and setting something    else (like clothing) alight)."
So yes these candles are good  ... but the operative word in that paragraph was "low wax temperature".  Do you know what that means, and how it may effect your play?
CAN  YOU EXPLAIN ABOUT
TEMPERATURES AND
MELT POINTS?
Let's  backtrack again for a sec. Have you ever thought about how a candle  works? Or how hot a candle flame is? It's worth knowing these things  when you engage in this kind of play. Wiki has an excellent page about  candles ... 
have a read.   It begins:
"A candle is a  solid block of fuel (commonly  wax) and an  embedded wick, which is lit  to provide light, and  sometimes heat."
This comes from 
The Candle   Cauldron: "The exact temperature of a  candle flames  depends on the material being consumed (burned).  First, it is important  to understand that a candle does NOT burn the wick (the string).  It is  the wax that acts as the fuel for the candle flame.  The heat of the  flame melts the wax, transforming the solid wax into a liquid, which  then  travels up the wick.  (This process is  known as capillary  action.)  Eventually  the liquid wax is turned into a gas (like steam  from a boiling kettle on the stove) and is  consumed by the flame.   Different waxes will have different flame temperatures.  On average, the  maximum flame temperature will be about 2550 deg F.   (Remember that  water boils at 212 deg F.) "
Basically, the degree of  heat from dripping wax varies depends on the materials  from which the   candle is constructed.
The melting point is the temperature that  the wax must be to go  from solid to liquid and remain so. Each type of  wax has a different melting  point.  The 
following  table describes different types   of waxes, based on their additive  content, in what form they might  likely  be found and their initial  melting points:
                |  |  |  | 
              | Raw  paraffin           (soft) | canning  wax,         bulk wax | 115°  - 126°F | 
            | Votive          candles (harder) | Barrels,         cylinders up to 6 in. | 131°  - 141°F | 
            | Taper-type            candles (hard) | Candlesticks,          table candles | 141°F    or         higher | 
              | Hurricane          lamp   candles (hard) | See  left | 154°F or           higher | 
            | Beeswax            (waxy to hard) | Numerous          candle styles, bulk | 146°F    or         higher | 
    
 
Let's let the authors who  constructed that table continue,  in regard to temperature limits:
"Remember our  melting point table above? If you spill hot water at  temperatures above  140°F on yourself, you will likely get a burn. However, scalding  water  doesn't stick to the skin, hot wax does. Wax also retains heat, so  140°F  and hotter wax is very likely going to create an even nastier  burn than  water at the same temperature.
"So what temperatures  should we consider when we are applying hot wax to a  sub's body? As a  general rule, the wax temperature at skin contact should  never be above  about 135°F. At that temperature, fair skin, genital areas and  nipples  could suffer a first-degree burn. The ideal working temperature at skin   contact is generally around 120° - 125°F. It is best, even at this  temperature,  to test a small spot on the arm on fair-skinned people.  Remember, we want  the hot wax experience to be an intensely erotic  experience vs. an intensely  painful one.
Given the above, look  at the table again. Although you could use any of  the wax types, great  care must be exercised not to get wax temperatures when  contacting skin  above our recommended 120° - 125°F."
Are  you clear on that? It's important, but if it's not going into your  brain, don't panic, there are ways to play without using these  temperatures, primarily through testing everything first. I'll explain  later.
WHAT ABOUT COLORED AND PERFUMED CANDLES?
You'll find a lot of sites claim that color and perfume  add heat to  candles. This has become an area of confusion. In  particular some wax players insist that certain colors are hotter ...  and it's hard to dispute this when they are the person at the hot end of  the scene or are regarded as an expert in the technique. For example:
"color  does  affect the temperature at which candles melt. Red candles  tend to drip  hotter than black or white.  The way I tell people to think  about  is,  its like wearing a shirt on beach, the darker color the hotter the  wax"
And certainly when sol and I have played we have believed  we've observed differences, but perhaps that has more to do with other  additives other than color or scent. Wiki notes:
"Although  there are many web  sites that  repeat the same advice that color  additives make candles burn  hotter,  actual experiments performed by two  different researchers show  that  this is usually not the case"
Shakti 
agrees:
"You may see information that says the  color of  the candle makes a  difference, and that is not actually true.  Additives  do make a difference, but the ones to watch out for are  hardeners such  as those used in dripless  candles. Often the most  expensive candles are  the ones that burn with the highest degree of  heat, for a beginner you  will want to start with cheap,  paraffin based  ones. In my experience  whether the candle is white or red or  yellow  actually makes little  difference."
There  may also be another reason not to use perfumed candles, as kinkygirl  from the BDSM Hall Forum explains:
"The myth is  that because most scents are alcohol based that the candles  burn  hotter, but it doesn't hold in the test run on the candles research   done recently on this. But i do not recommend the use of scented   candles, unless you really are someone that gets an extra kick from   scents. The problems that can be associated with them are headaches,   nausea and other interesting reactions. Some really enjoy them. But i   would definitely recommend that if you are going to use scented candles   for that extra kick - stick to one scent - mixing them can really cause  a  good thing to be very bad sometimes."
Best thing to do  is stick with plain white 100% paraffin candles when you are starting  out. But all this links in with why testing every candle before play is  important.
Also, 
anyone that has asthma should  only play with unscented candles. They should also have their inhaler  with them during the play.
 WHY IS TESTING  IMPORTANT?
There are three reasons for testing a candle  prior to play.
The first reason is to try the candle out on  yourself first. 
Mistress  Renee and gunga  din say that but to be honest when you are starting  out, I'd try EVERY  type of candle, including paraffin. Shakti 
agrees:
"The best way to see how a candle feels   is to test it out on yourself. All people do not have the same degree  of  pain tolerance but it will  give you an idea...
"Light the candle  and  set it  aside to burn for a few moments. This will allow a small  pool  of wax to build up around the burning wick. Once you see a pool  there  hold your forearm out and holding the candle about a foot from  your arm,  tip it until one or two drops fall onto your arm. Use the  sensitive  skin on your wrist or  elbow to get a feel for how hot this  candle is"
BDSM  Education suggests doing this:
"The  intensity of the heat depends on the height the candle is  held  or the height from which the wax is dripped/poured and the type  of wax/candle used.  Some Dom/me's like to use a crock pot and a ladle  for pouring the melted wax over the sub.
"Dom/me's- It is  advisable that you test the intensity of the wax on the inside of your  wrist, similar to how one  checks the temperature of milk from a baby  bottle.  Hold the candle 10 inches above your wrist  and let 1 drop  fall, now did you feel-nothing? warmth? hot? burn?  Also take note of  how long the heat stayed before dissipating.  Now repeat from  the same  height on top of the wax drop already on your wrist, it should be  less  intense.  Now lower the height to 7 inches and drop another drop, does   it feel the same as the first drop? nothing? warmth? hot? burn?  Now  that  you have an idea of how the height affects the temperature move to  another  spot on your wrist that has no wax and try dripping 7 or 8  drops in row rather  fast and judge how this feels.  A responsible  Dom/me should always know what it feels like and what sensations the wax  can create for the sub."  
Frugal  Domme's warning below is another reason to stick with straight  white paraffin for a while:
"Any candle may be full of  hardeners or covered with acrylic  wax     to give it a shine. This is  dangerous. So, I want you to be  very  clear on one thing: NEVER     USE  HOT WAX ON A SUBMISSIVE THAT  YOU HAVEN'T TESTED THE TEMPERATURE  ON YOUR  OWN BODY     FIRST. You owe  your submissive protection and as much  protection  from bonehead  errors as     possible. So you try not to hurt  them accidentally.
"I usually test a  few drops on the      inside of my  left arm (I'm right handed) and then raise the candle   another foot  before I     pour. Just to be safe. You may want to use  another body  part, but  make sure it is a body     part where  temperature is going to  feel similar to your target area"
Once   you feel comfortable with using plain white paraffin candles on  yourself, try  different types of candles, and colors. Read the articles  in the Reference and Online Resource list on wax play to get an idea  what experienced players recommend.
The second  reason for pre scene testing is to establish your play partner's pain  threshold. Rebel from the BDSM Hall Forum explains:
 
"As with any  BDSM activity if you are doing this for the first time with  someone, it  is always a good idea to keep checking where they are -  some people  use a one to ten scale - one being, next to nothing in heat -  10 being  it is time to stop. Most experts at candle waxing do not  recommend  going above a seven - as the scale goes to 10 fast from there.  They  also do not recommend STAYING at a seven because wax on wax or wax  on a  previously waxed and removed area is hotter to the "victim" than  the  original drop was. (i.e., a drip in one area followed by an  identical  drip in the exact same area - the first could be a four, while  the  second could be a seven)."
The third  reason for testing a candle prior to play is get some practice using it.  Every candle is different in how it melts and how it drips, as well as  it's burn temperature. The more familiar you are with your candles, the  easier your scene will flow.  Peter  Masters agrees: 
"Get  some idea of how hot each candle burns and how high you need to  hold  them in advance. This will make play go much more smoothly and  removes  the need to test candles while your partner waits"
  WHAT IF I  CAUSE A BURN?
You  are learning new skills so it may happen, although  keeping to the right  candles (low temperature) will greatly reduce the  possibility as their  wax won't cause burns.
What you do need to  keep an eye on when  you start out, is wax  puddles or pooling:
"Pooling   Hot Wax and Your Intimate Crevices: A drop or  two of hot wax on a   submissive’s back is totally different than a molten  pool of wax   gushing down the cleft of their bottom and gathering into a  painful,   blistered pool on their anus.!"
You need to keep in mind  what can cause a burn.  
BDSM  Education:
"What can  cause a burn?  Things in the wax, scents, perfumes, metal flakes (for   sparkling), hardeners, dyes, etc. and the melting point of the wax.  The  more oil content in the wax, the lower the melting temperature.  It  makes me  giggle every time I hear someone say the best working  temperature for wax play  is 120°F-125°F test a small spot on your  wrist.  Since when did we become capable of telling degrees of  temperature?
"I think the only real  effective way to determine  temperature would be a candy thermometer.  I would  highly suggest if  you are going to do pouring or painting on the wax to use a  crock pot  with adjustable temperature gauge or a candy thermometer to monitor and   keep the temperature under your control, exceeding 145°F for  pouring/ladle play  is probably not wise"
And if a burn does  happen you need to be prepared. The BDSM Education site 
warns:
"If the sub complains that they feel like  they  are burned, use a  damp cloth to cool the area.  Do a visual  inspection.  If you see  blisters and they are large seek medical help,  you will  probably need  Silvadine.  If small blisters, keep clean and  don't pop the blisters.   If you see extreme red, apply aloe vera or  some other burn relief  cream/ointment.  Pinkness is usually just a  reaction to the wax and is  expected."
Read up on how to  treat emergency burns, prior to play. You'll find some links in the  References and Online Resources list at the bottom of the post,  including 
this  one.
SCENE PREPARATIONS
You need to  set up a few things to make a wax play scene proceed smoothly. Sure, you  can just include a bit of candle play in a longer scene with another  focus, but if you really want to have fun with wax, keep these things in  mind:
- Your playroom should be well ventilated.
- Wax  play is messy by nature so a ground / plastic sheet underneath your sub  is essential to protect furniture and carpet.
 
- Shakti  writes  "Proper area lighting    is important  to be able to see the amount of wax you are distributing". If  your lighting is poor, use a caving / climbing head torch like we do.
-   Sheveh writes: "Have all your equipment out and prepared  for use. These may include:    candles, wax/fondue pot, matches or long  lighter, mineral/baby oil,  paint brushes,    ladle, thermometer, knife,  plastic scraper, flea comb, drip  plate,    paper towels, rags, ice,  and wet towel, trash can"
- Make sure you include  your first aid kit with your equipment. Remember to discuss possible  injuries. You should both be going into the  scene with the expectation  that there may be  some 2nd degree burns.
Because  you are playing with fire there are some other good scene preparations  and precautions:
- Make sure you are playing on a flat surface.  Trying to keep candles upright on bedclothes (for one example) is a  really bad idea... you could use a metal tray on the bed like I do, but  make sure the items placed on it are not too tall to overbalance
 
- A  small fire extinguisher will reassure your sub. Here's shakti: " I always have something nearby just in  case a fire does get  started, after all, if you have a bound and  helpless person under your care, you will want to do your best honor  their trust. A small fire extinguisher is not that expensive. At the  very least a container of water and  something to use smothering the  fire should be nearby"
 
- Note that last line  of Shakti's: "at the very least a  container of water and  something to use smothering the fire should be  nearby". Some wet towels, perhaps? A bowl of ice provides both  help from burns / flames plus has kinky potential
- Don't  wear  acrylic or polyester clothing. Norische: "Whenever you are using a lit candle make  sure that you do not have on  acrylic or polyester clothing, if wax gets  on these fabrics it can cause  the fabric to melt to your skin. Also  make sure that you do not have  long sleeves that may catch fire or be  dipped in the vat by accident"
- Make sure you  have something to light the candles with. Peter Masters points out "a cigarette  lighter might seem like a  good idea, but sometimes they can be finicky,  particularly if it's dark  or your hand or fingers are wet or covered in  lube. Maybe have another  lit candle in a holder which you use to light  the wax-dripping  candles" 
Nawa Shibari  has lots of  excellent advice in The art of   japanese rope bondage - Part  9  Complementary techniques wax play:"For safety purposes always   have a  fire-extinguisher or some water  available, because the use of  open fire  - even a small candle flame -  can cause unexpected mishaps.
"Before   using candles please remove all  lingerie. Most lingerie (and other   clothing) has at least a small amount  of nylon or other artificial   substances in it. These will either melt  or burn very easily. This also   happens extremely easy to cheap pvc and  patent leather kinky  clothing.  
 "Another thing that is often  overlooked are the  risks of  ........ HAIRSPRAY! Numerous women use  hairspray, often  without really  taking notice and they are quite likely  not to inform  the dominant  about it, since it is so natural. However, it  is also  extremely  inflammable. That is ONE good reason to stay clear of  the  head  (accidentally dripping wax in the eyes is another). 
 "And  while we  are on the subject, if your bedroom is also your play  area  and you are  planning to use open fire, check what is close to the  bed.  Perfume  bottles are potential risks and so are all aerosols. Make   sure all that  is out of the way when you are planning to use candles in   active power  exchange play" 
PREPARING YOUR  SUBMISSIVE
Let's look at preparing your submissive physically first.
Their body needs to be clean.  The old "should you shave  your sub??" debate rages on... Here's Mistress  Renee and gunga din:
"Should your sub be shaved? If you  intend  to get that wax into  those fun extra sensitive areas, it is a  good  idea. Pulling those pubes out by  the roots while taking off the  dried  wax can be less than consensual pain.  Course maybe you are into   Epiladys. But we will not go there in this article.  Again, this is a   matter of choice. However, please make note that cold wax is  difficult   to remove from hair."
Personally I  prefer a shaved skin working surface, but really it's up to you if you  own your sub, or your play partner if they are unowned. You should check  prior to play whether your play partner even wants their genitals  included in play, it's off limits for some people. Master    Shadow suggests for those who are not shaved:
"a slight   amount of Vaseline  will keep  the wax from sticking  to hairs [in the pubic area],   unless you want  the  thrill of pulling pubic hairs  trying to get the wax   loose. I  made  this mistake, once....."
 Quite a few  enthusiasts suggest oiling your sub's body prior to play. Norische writes:
  "Using an oil on the skin prior  to wax play will help  prevent the wax  from sticking to the skin, and  body hair (if any is present) it also  makes clean up much easier. When  you use oil however make sure you allow  for a longer cooling time and  that you monitor the skin closely. If the  skin is warm to the touch  then but there is no visible discoloration,  it is safe to continue. If  the skin is pink and warm to the touch, I  suggest use caution and slow  down a little. If the skin is bright pink  or red and hot to the touch  then stop immediately and apply a cool  compress to the skin, do not put  ice directly to the burn, as it may  cause additional tissue damage."
While Shakti notes:  
"some  people             advocate oiling the skin before you drop the wax,  this makes  cleanup             especially areas with hair, as in pubic  areas or the chests  of  some            males. This will make the clean  up much easier, as  the wax  does not            adhere, but you must  remember the oil will  make the wax seem a  bit            hotter, and  you cannot do the  trick with the pulling away of  the wax."
  What  about preparing your sub psychologically? Certainly watching you set up  the play space and then being shaved and oiled will start your sub's  journey into the zone! I also think Peter Masters raises some  interesting points in
  this post about the sensations the dominant should be aiming to make  their sub feel during the scene:
"There are a number of  interesting sensations and feelings  involved in this:  -   When you're blindfolded or when the wax is  being dripped on  your back,  there can be a lot of tension or  apprehension as you wait for  the next  drop of hot wax. How hot will it  be? Will it be a single drop  or will  your partner pour a stream of  wax on you? Where will they let it  fall? 
-   The sudden  feeling of heat or burning can be a shock and quite   intense. 
-   Feeling the individual drops set, or a pool of wax  cool and  solidify  on your skin. 
-  Feeling your partner scrape  the wax  off your skin 
 Discuss your fiendish plans with  your sub ... or not .... watch their breathing alter as their  anticipation levels rise.... you might also like to blindfold your sub  before play. Apart from building anticipation, as Shakti 
points out:
"Many people find that being tied and  blindfolded during wax play  heightens the sensations, not knowing where  the next drop will fall, and being  unable to move away from it can add  a great deal to the erotic sensations."
For opposite views  of blindfolds see 
here  or my scene with sol below.
WHERE CAN I PUT  THE  WAX?
Good question.  Here's 
Shakti again:
"Where  to begin dropping the wax is  mostly a matter of  preference. But I would  recommend, especially in  the beginning, starting  on the belly or back ...  I have  found in my  experience that some of the most  sensitive  areas on both  sexes are  the inner thighs, the area of the  belly that joins the hip,  the  nipples, and the genitals. I begin in a  less sensitive area,   moving  to an occasionally drop on a highly  sensitive one"  
What  about other  places?
  Frugal  Domme: 
"I would   suggest that you NOT use it     on the  head and face. Both because of   the chances of burning, and  because  getting it in     the hair of your   sub can be a pain in more than a  pleasurable way to  remove"
Norische  
agrees:
"Never do wax play above the shoulders,  there is too  great a risk of burning the eyes, or getting wax in the  mouth or nose,  this may lead to choking or asphyxiation. Some believe  that if you put  fabric or a hood over the face that you can proceed  with the wax play, I  personally find the risk still to great. The  breast and genitals can be  included in wax play as long as you remember  that this skin is highly  sensitive and the healing time for a burn in  these areas are painful and  may last for an inconveniently long time" 
Norische  also reminds us to:
"keep in  mind that different parts of the body can stand different  levels of  heat"
Master   Shadow:
"The usual  targets are vagina, ass,   including the crack, nipples,  stomach, and  anyplace that's sensitive". 
Nawa Shibari  has some interesting ideas to share, here:
   "One specific play form  requires  a bit of  extra attention. Quite a few  Shibari Nawashi use  candle wax  to seal  off the vagina and or the anus  as a temporary  chastity measure  or to  temporary block the possibility to  use the  bathroom (especially   useful after an enema). In the event you  are  planning to this, please   never do this with fully molten wax. What  you  do is drip some wax on a   saucer and leave it there to half-cool and   next apply it in that  area  by hand. It will still seal off the area you   are planning in the  form  of a plug, but it will not burn the  sensitive  inner tissue.  Also, no  matter how many times you see this in  porn  movies, do not  try to drip  wax directly into the vagina or anus  (what  you see in the  movies is a  trick shot using yoghurt). Doing that  is  outright  dangerous.  "Combining  hot candle wax with ice cubes  (or drips of  ice water) will  intensify  the effects dramatically. The  difference  between hot and cold  will  dazzle the mind"
HOW  DO I APPLY THE WAX?
First, let's look at the safety issues  involved with application, and then we can start discussing all the  interesting ways wax can be applied. Remember, how you apply your wax in  part will depend on the position of  your sub. A horizontal position is  definitely a good one to start.
Candles come in Tapers (which  are usually dripless) and Pillars,  Votives, Tealights, Containers and  wax  pots (all which drip).  Shevah 
writes:
"Tapers are easy to apply, you just let them  drip. But you need to keep in mind that because the wax is  coming     directly from the flame, no pooling is allowed to form (cooling), thus   producing    the highest temperature of all the candles; therefore  extreme care  should be    taken when using them. To keep them high  above your sub to start.
"Pillar candles can take any shape and  size but  always    form in an equal diameter. Melted wax is allowed to  pool in the  surrounding    area of the wick, allowing cooling of the  wax. Nearest to the wick can  be a    temperature as high as 250°F as it  is drawn up into the wick for fuel.  As    wax moves away from the  flame (about 1¼”), it pools and the radiant    temperature cools to  about 140°F. From 1¼” to 1½”    away from the flame, the wax can cool to  127°F.
"There are many ways to apply the    wax onto the body  that depends on the type of candles used. Safe  temperatures    to use  when applying wax are 110°F - 139°F depending upon preparation    within  the scene" 
To start, Rebel makes this 
great  suggestion:
"When you  drip wax on a person do so at a height of about 18 inches -   and start  by dripping it through your own fingers at first to judge the   waxes  temperature"
Shakti:"Drop a few drops and carefully note your  partner's reaction. You can vary the heat of the drops by holding the  candle lower or higher.  Again, make sure you have a good idea of just  how hot this is. Burns,  especially on sensitive tissue are not usually  much fun."
  Master      Shadow:
"Hold the   candles about three feet from the   spot you intend to drip wax  on, and   drip, do not pour, at least until   you get used to the sensation" 
  Norische:
"If you are using a hotter wax,  simply  increase  the distance from the candle to the skin when dripping it onto  the body.  I always test the wax on myself prior to dripping it onto my  slave/sub,  this way I will be aware of the level of pain and or  pleasure that  should be expected. Normally I start the candle out at  around 36 inches  above the skin, and slowly lower it every few drops  until I get the  desired affect"
Once you are feeling  confident about how your first wax has been received by your sub, it's  time to think of all the ways you can apply wax to their skin:
- You  can keep dripping it... 
- You can splash and swirl it ...
 
- You  can pour it...
 
 
- You can paint it on with a brush ...  apart from pretty designs the brush bristles will send your play partner  wild
 
 
- You  can ladle it on with spoon or ladle.... 
- You  can use feathers to  apply it to the skin.... 
- You can lay  on wax covered gauze or material ... Norische:  "by using gauze or material, simply  dip the gauze or fabric in the wax  and gently lay it directly on the  skin, when the wax cools you can add  another layer of gauze or fabric  or you can simply pour more wax  directly onto the material."
- You  can use your own hands and fingertips ... Shevah:"For a full hands on play, use your own     hands, cupped, to scoop up the wax and spread it onto the skin of your   partner.    Having your hands sensually exploring, pinching, and  rubbing, may just  allow    for other types of enjoyment."
The  possibilities are endless :)
We'll look at these and more  advanced techniques, but here's
 Shevah with some lovely  ideas:
- "If you are  going to use different types of candles, it is best to  have a layer     of pure paraffin on the skin first as a barrier layer. This will   diffuse the    heat over a larger area.
 
- Give time  between drops to allow that wax to  cool and    the bottom to react to  the sensations. Placing a wax drop on top of  another    drop creates a  penetrating deep heat and requires a longer cooling  period, so    take  your time. Apply a steady series of drops and spread the drops  out  around    the entire area. Rotate candles around while dripping so they  burn  evenly.
- Be    creative and have fun by applying  various layers of color &  designs. Let    your bottom be your  canvas, the candles the pallet, and you the  artist.   Pillar candles’  pool of wax is what is useful for wax play and  should    be allowed to  regenerate as often as needed. To apply, hold the lit  candle directly     over the body and tilt it to drip the pooled wax while moving it over   the body.    Wait for the sweet exhaling sigh.
- Taper  candles require much more care while using because they burn at a  much     higher temperature. The old school thought is to adjust the height of   the drop    by raising your arm & varying the distance. This  allows the drop  of wax    to cool as it falls downward hitting your  target. Latest tests show  that the    degree of cooling is so  negligible that this method is not needed.  Besides,    dripping wax  from those distances causes splashing of wax everywhere;  getting     onto clothes, hair, face, shoes and surrounding areas. Skip all the   mess, build    your protective barrier layer of wax first and then have  fun sending  your bottom    into ecstasy..."
You  might ask : when do we apply the wax? 
Mistress   Renee and gunga din have the perfect answer:
"Wax is a  scene intensifier. That is, when  you are in a scene and you want that  sub of  yours to go straight into,  or deeper into, subspace, or even  into a serious  orgasmic phase, hot  wax is a great way to do it."
DIFFERENT  TECHNIQUES -  DRIPPING
Dripping  is a
   great way to start:
"Drip   little bits of wax at varying heights  and areas of the body to help    the submissive get into headspace and to  help build up a tolerance. Go    for a steady series of drops. Rotate the  candles around while  dripping   so it burns evenly or a smooth pour from  the larger candles.   Gradually  lower the candle to see the effect.  Constantly, drip the  wax  at various  heights and different areas.  Different areas of the  body  may not be able  to tolerate as much as  other areas i.e. private   sensitive areas. Make  various designs. You can  create beautiful   artwork, using a naked body as  the canvas. Use your  imagination. But   remember pooling is bad, so if  you have a pool of wax,  dump if off on   the ground, or blow out the  candle, let it cool off,  and re-light it.   Also remember that if you drop  wax on top of wax, it  will hold the   heat in and possibly cause burns,  so be careful when you  layer"
Mistress   Renee and gunga din:
"This  is probably the most popular way of applying hot wax to a  submissive.  The wonderful moans, the delicious squirms of your submissive as s/he  reacts  to each delightful drop of hot wax makes dripping a favorite for  many  Tops/Dom/mes"
Rebel 
suggests  the "Single/Double/Triple/Quad Dripping" technique:
"A single candle drips at a rate of  about  one drip per three seconds. IF you take two candles, one in each  hand  (double drip) and circle the flames over and under each other you   increase the drips by 3 fold. If you hold two candles in one hand and   done in the other (triple drip) you increase the drips 9 fold, and so on   and so on. Multiple candle dripping takes practice, caution is   recommended as you can be easily burned and you can misjudge where the   flame of one hits the wrong spot of another..."
DIFFERENT  TECHNIQUES -  POURING
BDSM  Digest:
"Jar candles are  nice you can get  a lot of  wax in a little time. You can  pour it on  slowly or cover them with  a  large amount at one time. BDSM  waxplay  jar candles does not stick to  hair, so this is good for hairy  male  submissive or female that does not  shave down below. You can use  all  types of fun stuff to get the wax on  the submissive from a coffee  cup,  turkey baster, spoon, paint brush  (don’t use anything that you will   want to use later ) also you can pour  it into cup"
Mistress  Renee and gunga din:
"Pouring  is probably the riskiest of techniques as temperature is extremely    critical when pouring wax. However, this is also probably equal in   intensity to  painting, which we will discuss soon. Pouring little   streams of hot wax onto a  prone sub so that little rivulets of hot wax   run down the sides and between the  legs is a joyful sight to see, and   hear, indeed! And pouring is most certainly  going to put that slutty   plaything into the deepest of dives. Pouring, if you  take the time, can   result in a near body cast of your subject.."
DIFFERENT  TECHNIQUES - PAINTING
Mistress   Renee and gunga din:
"hot   wax painting can be an expression in both intense erotic sensation and   art. Hot wax painting combines the intensity of hot wax  with the   sensation of brush bristles at the target site simultaneously. You can    create beautiful artwork, using a naked body as the canvas. Hot wax   painting  has been observed to drive many subs into deep subspace and   just as many into  intense orgasms. Beautiful casts of tender parts can   be created, for instance,  boy-toys genitals can be brush cast, the wax   form carefully removed, and the now  mold can be filled with water and   frozen to make a nice ice dildo for later use"
See, I told you that "how to make an ice dildo" link would  prove useful :) Caged Heart  Publishing writes:
"Painting delicious wax graffiti on your    lover is amazingly erotic! From  paintbrushes to feathers, Q-tips to eye    droppers, try painting your name  or simple scrolls and designs. I’ve    had a Celtic dragon and the word  “MINE” on my back, a Wheel of life   and  a stained glass look ‘window’  among other fun things"
 Rebel suggests   that:
"Painting [be]  done with a  simple paintbrush used for house  painting. If you are  painting to make a  mold - use at least four layers  to start - and add  on from there."
Remember:
- natural  fibre paint brushes only! 
- to test  the temp of the wax and
 
- adjust  the proper height before  application on any body
 
Here's  an 
excellent   cautionary tale from Norische's submssive betsy:
“My first experience with wax play was not a   good one. My 1st Dominant  was unfortunately for me a wanna be Dom. He   had decided that wax play  sounded good, but he had no experience with   wax at all. He went down to  Wal-Mart and bought a box of the Gulf Wax   brand paraffin, and an acrylic  paintbrush, this should have  immediately  told me he was inexperienced.  He brought over a cheap  aluminum pot and  melted the wax and stirred it  with the acrylic  paintbrush, leaving the  acrylic paintbrush sitting in  the melted wax.
"My  first taste  wax play was the brush being taken  directly from the pan  and whapped on  my breast; he allowed the brush to  lay against my skin  for about a  minute. I ended up with a first degree  burn over one third  of my left  breast, the area was red for over a week  and remained  tender to the  touch for about the next three weeks!
" After  the  initial damage  was done, he proceeded to paint my breast with the   brush, adding layer  upon layer of wax; not realizing that by layering   the wax it was  actually holding in the heat and not allowing the skin  to  cool down  between layers. This Dom made three big mistakes.
"First   acrylic  is plastic and melts, so when he left the paintbrush in the  pan  it was  actually melting it and mixing it with the wax. Second, he  did  not  test the temperature on himself first; he laid the brush on my   breast  without draining the excess wax from the brush or even  checking  to see  how hot it was. Third, he layered the wax without  thinking about  how  hot it would get. What could have and should have  been a wonderful   sensual scene turned into a disaster. Needless to say  – i lost trust for   this Dominant rather quickly.”
Funny,  that!
MORE ADVANCED TECHNIQUES:
USING WAX WARMING POTS /
FONDUE  POTS ETC
Techniques like painting on your sub are  obviously going to require a lot of wax, and for your wax to be prepared  in a different manner than via a candle. This is where people start  using things like beauty parlor wax warmers,crock pots, fondue pots or                       any kind of  cooker where you can control the  exact   temperature. One useful comment  from the 
Kinky    Ever After blog:
"Not    all crock pots are created equal. Tread with caution. We've found   that   it's best to turn it on and melt the wax and then unplug it once   the   wax is the right temperature. The wax should be well stirred, as   there   will be hot and cool spots if you don't mix it well..."
Interestingly  some of these containers keep the wax cooler than usual, which might  make them a useful option if your play partner can't tolerate much heat.  Here's 
Peron:
"The coolest to start with are actually the  wax warmers used in beauty  parlors for waxing (hair removal), that wax  melts somewhere between 90  and 110 degrees. Next on the list are the  parafin baths used for  arthritis suffers, that also melts at a lower  degree of temperature  around what the beauty was melts at. Most taper  type candles burn at 120  degrees and beeswax burns at 180 degrees"
With  this amount of wax available you can dip a paint brush into the melted  wax and then applying it to the skin. Crock pots / fondue pots are also  useful for this next technique:
MORE ADVANCED  TECHNIQUES:
WAX CRAYONS
When I mentioned to friends that  I was writing this post, a lot referred me to 
Grendelkhan's famous - and stunning - 2004 wax play   photo of Lady Byron, which features a wax play scene created using   Crayola wax crayons.
In a scene like this the wax crayons are  being used to add color. We've gone through above why sometimes using  colored candles is not a good idea ... which begs the question: how does  one actually color wax?  Shivah 
writes:
"Two different processes are used to color   Wax. One is a dye,    which dissolves and mixes with the oil in the wax.   The other is a  pigment, a    fine powder that does not dissolve.   Regardless of the color of wax,  the wick    will “pump” the same amount   of fuel into the flame of the candle.    Therefore, neither Dye nor   Pigment affects the amount of time the  candle will    burn.
"Unless   you buy your    candles direct from a manufacturer or make your own,   you do not know  if pigment    was used. Therefore, it makes good   practice to use pure paraffin as  the first    coating on the skin. One   problem with pigments and heavy oils in  candles is    that the fine   powder can get stuck in the fibers of the cotton wick  and clog    it   up. Once this happens, the wick cannot carry as much liquid wax up  to   fuel    the flame. With less fuel delivered, less flame (smaller and   dimmer)  will be    produced. In some cases the oil clogs the wick so   much that after a  while the    candle ceases to burn at all"
It   all sounds very complicated, but as Shivah notes there are easier   solutions:
"An easy way to   add color to plain wax is  to add    a crayola crayon to the wax pot"
I'd   not heard this before, but once I knew to look out for it, this advice   appears quite often in "how to" articles about wax play. Here's 
Norische:   
"If you are wanting more color   and don't want to risk           using a colored candle, try melting a   crayon in the           wax, it will add color but will not raise the   melting           point of the wax" 
Elvenkind wrote on 
an IC thread:
"If your in a playful, artistic mood, you    can always melt down some  crayola crayons, oil up your sub and drip  the   wax to make mould of  whatever you want to  ... the wax slides off    making a  perfect shape ... awesome on tits"
And this,  from  another article:
 "Crayolas,   like your average crayon, are not made from 100% wax, and  will leave a   residue on the skin that is sticker than you’ll be used to.   Ways to   work around this: melt Crayolas into your regular wax to keep  the   colour with less stickiness, or rub the area with oils before you  start   for easier removal.
  "Because crayons are designed for  children,  they are nontoxic, so you  needen't worry about toxicity.   However not  all crayons are created equal,  and the additives in one  brand of  crayons may cause an unintended  reaction with your skin"
 
That   last line is VERY important.  There are a few references online about   crayon brands that work well for wax play. danae from 
within  Reality wrote,
 after taking part in wax   play demos, that:
"Crayola   crayons - they are the best to use as cheaper brands tend to  have   plastic in them and certain dyes both of which can dramatically    increase the temperature to levels higher then desired"
Crayola   are the most commonly named brand by people online ... and look at  these
 amazing colors:
| 8 pack (1908) | +8 = 16 pack (1924) | +8 = 24 pack (1973) | 
|---|
  |  Red
 |  Orange
 |  Carnation Pink
 |  Red Orange
 |  Violet Red
 |  Scarlet
 | 
  |  Yellow
 |  Green
 |  Yellow Orange
 |  Yellow Green
 |  Dandelion
 |  Green Yellow
 | 
  |  Blue
 |  Violet (purple)
 |  Blue Green
 |  Blue Violet
 |  Cerulean
 |  Indigo
 | 
  |  Brown
 |  Black
 |  Red Violet
 | White |  Apricot
 |  Gray
 | 
 
Over  in  the UK 
pplatinumpussy   writes of her
   crayon based wax play:
"We   achieve the colours with Tesco crayons, in ordinary light some are    glittery and the colours are good, but under black light they are    awesome as they glow in the dark!!"
Okay, we have some   ideas re what works in the UK and North America, so go to it, you lot!  Of course this is no  confirmation that brands with similar names in  Australia are made from  the same materials. So looks like I'll need to  do more research :)
The idea is to melt the crayons in your  crockpot or fondue pot to  reproduce their marvelous colors.  Re  technique, you can splash and drip like 
Grendelkhan's famous  photo of Lady Byron, paint  like Picasso or Jackson Pollock ... or, what about this technique 
suggested    by
 Sindra van Yssel:
"The really big fat Crayola  crayons can be dipped in flame, so   that just  the end melts, and then used to write on a body with    melted-but-not-super-hot-wax, if you like the art but don't like the    paintbrushes. It's slow, and requires a lot of patience. And I wouldn't    let it get in the flame enough to drip, because I think the drip would    be a hotter than paraffin and unsafe. Done with just a dash through  the   flame, tho, it's non burning.."
Lots of ideas ... and  as 
danae outlines,   crayon / wax play can be done cheaply:
"When I want to Wal-mart I bought: Crayola   crayons - they are the best to  use as cheaper brands tend to have   plastic in them and certain dyes  both of which can dramatically   increase the temperature to levels higher  then desired. The crock pot   (which was $9.95) and paraffin. You might  want to check your local   craft store to see if you can get a large block  of paraffin which works   out to be cheaper as we got a 10-pound block  for $8"
MORE ADVANCED TECHNIQUES:
COMBINING WAX  PLAY  WITH 
OTHER  TYPES OF  BDSM
Wax  play is a great technique to  use in conjunction with other types of  BDSM play.
Bondage, for  example. Lots  of rope bondage enthusiasts enjoy it. Here's 
Nawa  Shibari: "Probably  the most popular  complementary  Shibari technique is  wax  play:  dripping candle wax on the body in some   way. The  occasional  drop of  hot candle wax can be extremely erotic or  work as a  short,  sharp pain  impulse. But, like everything else - if  given half a  chance  the  Shibari Nawashi will take the technique a few  steps further."
     You can also add wax play to any other scene featuring non rope  forms of restraint. We restrain sol for our wax play scenes with cuffs,  carabinars and a home made leg spreader bar. Peter Masters suggests:
   "With mummification, cut holes  in the  wrap to allow the wax to be  dropped directly onto the bare skin". 
  You can also of course combine various forms of temperature play, so  for  example combine wax play with ice play. Dr Beth 
explains  why this is so effective:
"When  heat and cold are used together in a scene the feelings are much more  intense, because alternating hot and cold sensations can confuse the  nerves. Hot and cold nerve endings respond to differences from body  temperature, but when rapidly repeated changes in temperature are  administered to an area, these calculations can become wildly  inaccurate. The bottom may feel as if they are being subjected to  incredibly high degrees of heat and cold Ñ or both at once -- and pain  nerves may be recruited as well, even though the skin is not burning."
   Here are some practical ideas. 
MorTis writes:
"when I do wax play, I cant have  the fire   without the                      ice! so usually when I play, I will  rub  down the  skin with                      ice, which cools the skin,  and  leave water pools,  which help                      cool off the  hot  wax faster, but makes the hot wax  feel a                       little  hotter because of temperature contrast even  though                        its cooler at the point! great for play. So usually I  will                        ice, keep ice cube in one hand, and a   dripping                       candle in the other hand, and follow  up a second  later with the ice  cube! that way you  know you                       victim will not get  burned, and gets the effect! ...                        ice on, wax on, ice off!"
 Frugal    Domme writes:
"note  that a sub     who is  naked, bound, blindfolded, etc is going to  experience the  temperature  as being     higher than you will. This is  good. You get more mileage  from lower  temperature being     perceived  as being higher than it is.  And if you combine wax play  with ice play,  you can     give them the  feeling that their skin is being burned off  without  getting them more  than     pink. Mind games are the best  games."
Norische describes a magical "fire and ice" scene in  her 
article  on wax play:
"I used a  ladle to pour wax directly onto his lower abdomen ... I let the wax run  down his stomach onto his crotch and begin to  pool between his legs. As  he became more comfortable with the heat, I  began to poor the wax  directly onto his genitals, from his facial  expressions I could tell  there was some discomfort there but nothing he  couldn’t handle.
"The  next thing I did is where the sedition comes in, as  soon as I poured a  ladle of wax on him I dumped a handful of snow on  his crotch right  behind it. Back and forth between hot and cold, over  and over again he  had goose bumps and was sweating all in the same  moment. I never  allowed the snow to make direct contact with the skin  for more than a  few seconds but the effect was dramatic. I ended by  scrapping the wax  from his body by using a very dull knife (basically  the equivalent of a  butter knife). The entire experience was extremely  exhilarating and  enjoyable for both of us" 
I adore that woman. What a mind.  She should be made a National Treasure of BDSM. Tenderdom also 
enjoys fire and ice  combinations:
"Ice  is another good thing  to  add.. a little  fire and ice. One idea is  take the ice in your hand and  let it  melt  and drip on to the  submissive.. they feel something hit their skin  and  they  are  expecting heat and their mind goes noooo  wait a minute …   it's a  very  nice  mind fuck .  Another idea is to take a piece of ice  and wax it  on to the  body   or cut a little piece of the wax and slide  it into  the hole.  Then when  it melts  they get a rush of cold water  and its a  lot like the votives, another  fun thing  to do is to put a  piece of  ice next to a votive, the submissive will  never know  what  they are  going to get fire or ice !!!!!"
  ENDING  THE SCENE IDEAS
 Sadly, at some point  the scene must end. But there's no reason why removing the wax should be  part of post scene clean up. Make it part of the scene! Here's  BDSM Digest:
"Removing  the wax can be just as erotic and full of sensation  as the  actual  waxing. This can also be a very fun part of the scene.  As it  pulls away  from the skin, the sensation is again intense, and  running a  feather  or fingernails or even a tongue over this sensitized  skin is a  very  sexy way to prolong the waxing session. It is easiest  to use a comb   held sideways to scrape off the wax. Beat it off, if you  going to do a   flogging after a waxing, you will beat most of it off.  After removing   the majority of the wax, try using a knife to scrape  the wax off or   rubbing with baby oil. Do not use a sharp knife to do  this. The skin is   very sensitive once the wax is removed. There will  be reddening of the   skin but this should clear up in a few hours at  the most"
Shakti 
suggests:
"Peeling bits of wax off, is  almost as  much   fun as dropping it. As it pulls away from the skin, the sensation  is   again intense, and running a feather or fingernails or even a  tongue   over this sensitized skin is a very sexy way to prolong the  'waxing'   session...
"I have seen people use vampire gloves or  those pet   brushes sometimes used for sensation play, as an easier way  to take the   wax off, they work well, and do add another twist to your  session"
Shevah also has some great suggestions for wax  removal that will extend your scene:
"Using a wet ice cube to chill the wax on  the skin is an easy  way to    remove wax. It is also a nice double  sensation of mediums.
"To peel the  wax off,    use a knife,  scraper, or a fine edge to loosen the edges and then grab  it with     your fingers and gently pull the wax over itself. Knife play is a   wonderful    mix with wax play. Removing wax with a knife brings new  meaning to the  “hold    still” whispered in the ear. It can be tricky  running a very sharp  knife    blade over the curves and bumps of the  body. Unlike regular knife play  where    usually the tip of the blade  is used, you need to use a wider portion  of the    sharp edge against  the skin. It is best to tilt the blade at an angle  while    scraping it  over the skin. Also, hold more of the blade in your hand  rather     than just the handle to provide better control. Depending on your   skills with    knives, you can just as easily use a plastic knife or a  butter knife  that has    a dull edge. Hint: You can chill the knife  beforehand, but make sure  you wet    the knife in water first.
"A  plastic scraper is useful to get the small areas of wax left over on   the skin.    The scrubbie will also get off the small bits of wax  remaining by  gently rubbing    it over the skin. To get wax out of  hair, use a flea comb. It is not a  good    idea to use a leather  flogger or whip to remove wax – it gets  everywhere    and also on your  expensive toy. Besides, you just gave a pleasurable,  relaxing,     sensual, erotic, and luxurious play scene. Leave the stingy ouchies  for  another    time" 
Afterwards  Shevah suggests:
"Rubbing lotion or cream  (that does    not  contain alcohol) on the now delightfully sensitive area that you  just  removed    wax, is a wonderful way to end the scene – touching,  caressing, and  massaging"
More  seriously, Shevah also notes:
"Do not disregard the aftercare that may be  required to help your bottom  recover    and transition to a  self-sustaining state" 
And this is important ... do  make sure you double check your play partner's aftercare requirements  prior to play.
POST SCENE CLEAN UP
If  you've not included things like ground sheets (or old shower curtains)  in your scene preparation, then post scene clean up can be a major job.  But if you've used one you can quickly get rid of quite a lot of the  mess!  pplatinumpussy has some 
excellent    suggestions:
"Its a messy    business, wear old clothes for the pourer and naked for the  victim    We  bought some tarp  from B&Q, its the taking off that's the messy   bit  as it flies  everywhere, so make sure its a large sheet, it bungs   up  your hoover, so  dustpan and brush and I'm told that ironing over  it   with brown paper  removes it from most fabrics if scraping fails.  We   also use a horse  grooming rubber brush from Tescos, to brush down  the   skin afterwards."
 Also:
 
"Remember   to clean your equipment  while the wax is still warm, cos its a   bugger  when it gets too cold"
If you are using wax  warmers or fondue pots, Shevah 
warns:
"Do not re-use any wax you have taken off of  skin. It is contaminated  with skin    flakes, oils, and dirt.  If wax  got on your clothing, boil them in a large pot to release the  wax from     the fabric.  Any wax left in your hair will easily come off by  showering with a  conditioner."
SAMPLE SCENE:
MS160  AND SOL HAVE A GO
We  negotiated a scene where I'd  try different types of candles on sol's  cock and balls. We'd use only  paraffin candles, but of different types (tapers / tea lights) and  different temperatures. We'd also try a colored candle specially made  for wax play.
You'll remember some sources suggested getting  all  your stuff together before you start? Well I put everything on my metal   tray ... yes I know, the damned tray gets used all the time in  different  scenes but it's useful!

This   time the tray has on it:
- Japanese red paraffin wax (low  temperature) candle
- white  household paraffin candles
- paraffin  tea light candles (hot)
 
- tweezers
- matches  and  lighter
 
- Soov Gel for instantly treating any small burns
- empty   glass to balance lit candles in
- square piece of cardboard  (from the tea light box) (not in photo)
- toy made from sol's old  leather belt (not in photo)
 
I lit the tea candles at the  beginning  of the scene and left them to melt:

I  find tea  lights / candles very useful. Some people don't advise using   them, for example Shevah 
finds:
 "Tealights – poured into thin  metal cups  using paraffin wax. Pooling does     not occur and therefore the  temperature can be 136°F or higher. Better  used    as ambiance to a  room rather than for wax play. "
But I'm  with 
Master    Shadow : 
"I use tea   candles, usually paraffin, and small  enough for single use,  although I   DO go through about 5 or 6 during a  scene, but that's just  me"
I'm   the same :). Once the tea lights  are melted I use the tweezers to   extract the remains of the wick and  lift the hot tin container up so I   can pour the melted contents into the  empty glass on my tray and make a   sort of melted votive style candle.
We  then prepared the bed  with several layers of sex towels (towels that  are fine for a few  stains) :

Having  said earlier "don't play on a bed" I should explain that our bed is a  thin mattress on a wooden platform, so it's very stable.
I  also  absolutely agree about putting down plastic or a shower curtain if you   are planning to place wax on lots of body areas. However in our case we   were concentrating only on the genitals.
As sol likes to be   restrained we attached his cuffed wrists to restraint points above the   bed:

And   attached his cuffed ankles to a home made spreader bar:

As I  wrote before, it can be fun to blindfold your sub, and I do recommend  that if you are  just starting out (it gives the dominant a lot more  confidence as well  as increasing intensity for the sub) but in this  case I wanted sol to  see what was coming. Chris 
agrees:
"I mentioned blindfolds as a way  to   increase the intensity earlier but my own experience is quite the    opposite. I like the submissive to watch with her eyes wide as the    liquid wax builds up at the top of the candle and my hand moves that    candle all over her restrained body. Where will the next drop fall? The    belly, the breast, the thighs, the mons, the nipple, the labia? Mmm,   the  possibilities."
Keeping in mind Dr Beth's 
comment  that: 
"Skin which has been  flogged or spanked to increase the blood flow to the surface will be  more sensitive to temperature sensations. This is the skin equivalent of  turning up the volume"
we began the scene with a little   cock and ball strapping, with a toy made from sol's old leather belt:

I   then placed a square piece of cardboard (from the tea light box) under   sol's cock to help with pooling and drips on the skin below. I had   several other pieces ready to use in other spots.

I   then lit the red Japanese candle. This had been a birthday present  from   MissDee to sol and

we   keep it for special occasions. It's a low temperature paraffin candle  so was a nice way  to start.
I pulled sol's foreskin  forward and began dripping the  candle wax onto his cock:

He   made happy sighing noises....

For  a quick detour I  moved up to his nipples. See how well the cardboard  catches stray drips?

I   really liked the way the Japanese wax peels off easily, leaving any   attached hair  behind:

I  then returned to sol's genitals, dripping over the balls and pouring  over the cock head:

I   then lit a white paraffin candle:

I   peeled back some of the red wax on sol's cock and dripped white wax onto   the sensitive head:

The   white paraffin candle was definitely hotter and sol gasped.
I   spent some time dripping the white candle, and then observed my tea   light candles were all melted. Yippee!  I blew out the wicks, then   picked up the tweezers, removed the wicks and poured each of the hot   metal containers into the clear glass on my tray.
This left me   with a nice glass full of melted wax:

Can   you see how it's already solidifying in the photo above? I had to move   quickly...
I poured wax over sol's cock head:

And   worked my way down to his balls, holding a piece of cardboard in my   other hand to catch as many stray drips as I could:

You   can see how pools and puddles have still formed:

Here's   the final application of wax:

Sol  really enjoyed this. We admired my handiwork for a while and then I  decided to give peeling the wax off as part of the scene a go.  The   white wax was harder to peel off than the softer red wax, but soon it   was piled on the cardboard:

I  had thought of doing some more flogging or corporal punishment with  sol's leather belt at this point, as several writers recommended it.
However  I decided whipping off the last of the wax would be really messy to  clean up.
I  then allowed sol to masturbate and (being in a very  good mood after all  this) even allowed him to come:

Clean  up was very easy, well it probably took sol more time to wash than me  to clean up!
Later in bed we agreed it had been a really  interesting and informative afternoon. We'd learned lots about different  types of candles, and enjoyed playing around with temperature levels. I  also really enjoy this kind of sensation play - there are so many  variables so endless things to keep me amused ... shall I pour from high  or low ... shall I add color and make pretty patterns ... shall I focus  on increasing pain ... endless fun :)
SAMPLE  SCENE:
WAX PLAY WITH A FEMALE SUBMISSIVE
Iona from  sapioslut is on 
Kinky Sex Link   with me and I  very much enjoy reading her posts there. Especially  this recent one  about her 
first experience with  wax play...
"Once upon a  time there was a girl who liked  to have a little tuft of  pubic hair.  Suitably cropped, that bit of  fluff did something for her:  it was a  good thing. Until her first  experience of wax play… "We put out  towels, lots of towels, and a  circular tin with little  lavender  candles around the edge. There was a  good reason this tin was  round,  but I didn’t appreciate it until later.  The candles were lit and  began  to melt.
 "He sat beside me on the  bed, stroked my body, picked  up the first  candle and held it high in  the air as he tipped it  gently. Ping  went the heat as it hit  my skin. James put that  one down and picked up  the next one: again high  in the air, and tipped  until the liquid  spattered onto my thigh.
 "He  put the candle  back, turned the tin lid and picked up the third  one.  This one went  splashing down my labia. Oh my god! Ping,  ping,  ping – but oh  so warm. It was interesting to feel how quickly the   intense heat  dissipated.
 "He kept this up, each candle a new  experience. I  discovered that the  first splashes on bare skin are edgy  for me, but  once there’s a layer of  wax it is like tiny little hot  towels – only  better.
 "The shape of the lid made sense! It was  like a mini  Lazy Susan for  candles. It meant that he could just rotate  the tin to  get the next  longest burning candle, and a continuous supply  of melted  wax.
  "Then it was time to start cleaning up. Oh my  god,  the hair. How  is this going to come out? Having previously  waxed  my pubes I had  an idea of what I was in for. Eeek! But it  was OK.  Candle wax is much more brittle than the wax you use  for hair  removal.  It chipped off nicely, especially with James’s big old  hunting  knife,  and a bit of showering and soap did the rest.
 I’d love to  try  this again!
Well worth visiting her blog to  read the  full post and enjoy the photo :)
REFERENCES AND   ONLINE RESOURCES
FOR  ICE PLAY
WORKSHOPS:
Ice play workshops are  less common than other forms of  temperature play (or may be combined  with these) so you may need to ask  about, but you will find them now  and again on the programs of kinky  three day events / conventions etc.
GENERAL:
g-girl - DIY   Ice Dildo 
IC - Ice  play 
Peter  Masters
       Naia - Fire and Ice
Submissive's  journey - Dangers  of Ice play
Franklin Veaux - How  to Make an Ice  Dildo
Wiki  - temperature  play
FORUM  THREADS:
Fet groups:
  VIDEOS:
You Tube - How to  Make an Ice  Dildo
FOR FIRE PLAYWORKSHOPS:
Fireplay is quite  popular in the scene at the moment so you should be  able to track down  some good presenters near you. Do check their  credentials, fireplay is  not something you want to get wrong!
If you are in the US,  Edukink has a great  page listing fire  play presenters and  resources.
Robert  Ruben - fire play   presentation guide 
GENERAL:
Answers.com  - fire   play
BDSM  Central - First   fire play in public 
Fetish Alliance -    Manual for basic fire play
SehAnru  -Up  in   Flames: The Basics  of Fireplay     
Souls haven - fire  play 
Viviane's  Sex Carnival - Zen   and the art of fire cupping  
Wiki - Fire   play 
FORUM THREADS:
Tribe:
   Fet groups:
BOOKS:
Fireplay with Torches, by   Domina  Corwin
Flames    of Passion: Handbook of Erotic Fire Play, by David Walker &    Robert J RubelFOR WAX PLAYWORKSHOPS
Lots of kinksters present  wax play workshops, ask around in your local  scene. Also check out the  programs of weekend events / conventions etc  as they often feature wax  play.
Google   search - wax play workshop
EduKink regularly holds Wet  and WarmMmmm - Hot   Wax play - a Paideia playshopGENERAL:
answers.com  - wax-playAlkallah - Waxing Eloquent 
Ask the    Doctor of Perversity Temperature   Play    
M.K. Blackwind                                                                  -                                                                  More on Wax Play 
BDSM Education - Wax play
BDSM  Digest - Wax    play
BDSM Relationships - Candle  wax play
Caged Heart  Publishing - Hot   Wax Safety for BDSM Scenes danea  of   withinReality - Varieties     of wax
Frugal Domme - Hot    wax and it's dangers
Gil K. from GMSMA                                                                   - Hot Scenes With Candles 
Kinkopedia - Wax    play
Kinky Ever After - Wax    PlayLady V and Master Richard Wax Play site
Master    David                                                               - Hot Wax Safety 
Master    Shadow - Candle    play
Mistress Renee & gunga din                                                                    - Hot Wax, the Intense Sensation 
Model Mayhem - thread on    crayons 
MorTis - 
Candles (kyandoru) and HotWax (rou) Nan's  mollie - The Basics of Hot Wax Play                       Wax Play 
Dennis Nagee - Wax play IIMystress Evyl - Review of Fetish Fantasy Series Sensual Hot Wax CandlesMatt  Nicholson Waxon,  Waxoff and    Other  Japanese        Sayings
Norische                                                                   - Candlelight Moments - Basics of Wax Play 
pplatinumpussy     - post   on   using crayons with wax play
Safer + Saner : Wax Play
Sapio  Slut - Waxed Up Shakti                                                                 - Guide to Waxing                         Wax Play Safety and Hints 
Shiva -Wax play 
Nawa Shibari - The art of  Japanese rope bondage - Part  9   Complementary techniques wax play
Tenderdom - BDSM   Wax Play
Unfettered - First   Aid and BDSM - Burns
John Warren - Erotic Wax Play 
Wiki -  temperature  play
Wiki - Wax play 
FORUMS:
BDSM   Hall Forum - Wax   play help 
ssbb has collected a number of      questions/emails/threads etcTribes - hotwaxpoetic
Yahoo - BDSMwaxplayFet  groups:
BOOKS:
Spectrum, The Toybag  Guide to Hot Wax and  Temperature   Play. Greenery Press, 2004. ISBN 1-890159-57-3.Thank you:
to everyone I've quoted
you've made  sorting out
temperature play a pleasure :)
Photos:
Ms160
Japanese  low temp candles - source unknown
Photo of Japanese candle in use -  source unknown
Kinky Sex Link - candle review photo